我这里是以pb2为例，2和3不兼容，但是方法大致相同

1 pom依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.google.protobuf</groupId>
    <artifactId>protobuf-java</artifactId>
    <version>2.6.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.googlecode.protobuf-java-format</groupId>
    <artifactId>protobuf-java-format</artifactId>
    <version>1.4</version>
</dependency>

2 编译pb文件

编译器在这里下载：https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/google/protobuf/protoc/2.6.1/

protoc --java_out=./path/pb ./xxx.proto

3 增加Converter

@Configuration
public class ProtobufHttpMessageConverterConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public ProtobufHttpMessageConverter protobufHttpMessageConverter() {
        return new ProtobufHttpMessageConverter();
    }

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(ProtobufHttpMessageConverter protobufHttpMessageConverter) {
        List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterList = XXX // 此处是你要兼容的其他自定义的converter，比如json之类的，可以提前创建好
        converterList.add(protobufHttpMessageConverter);
        return new RestTemplate(converterList);
    }
}

4 Controller添加

@RestController
@RequestMapping(value = "/xxx")
public class TencentRtaController {

    @PostMapping(produces = "application/x-protobuf")
    public @ResponseBody
    XXXProtos.XXResponse rta(@RequestBody XXXProtos.XXRequest request) throws Exception {
        // TODO Remove Mock
        XXXProtos.XXResponse.Builder builder = XXXProtos.XXResponse.newBuilder();
        builder.setResult(200);
        return builder.build();
    }


}