前言：本教程以Cassandra 0.6.12为例，简述单机配置及C++客户端的使用。
1、下载
目前支持c++接口的最新稳定版是0.6.12

wget http://apache.etoak.com//cassandra/0.6.12/apache-cassandra-0.6.12-bin.tar.gz

2、单机配置

cd apache-cassandra-0.6.12-bin
cd conf

#编辑配置文件，它包含了单机的基本配置
vim storage-conf.yaml
#确保data_file_directories, commitlog_directory 和 saved_caches_directory目录存在
mkdir -p /var/lib/cassandra/data
mkdir -p /var/lib/cassandra/commitlog
mkdir -p /var/lib/cassandra/saved_caches
chown -R liheyuan:liheyuan /var/lib/cassandra
#StoragePort更改为空

#检查log配置
vim log4j-server.properties
#确保log文件存在
mkdir /var/log/cassandra
chown -R liheyuan:liheyuan /var/log/cassandra

3、单机运行

cd ..
./bin/cassandra -f

一般如果上一步当中，4个目录的权限没有错误的话，就运行成功了。下面，我们使用cli学习Cassandra的data model操作方法

#启动clis
./bin/cassandra-cli localhost 9160

#显示当前的keyspace（单机暂时不能创建新的keyspace？）
cassandra> show keyspaces
Keyspace1
system

#继续查看keyspaces Keyspace1的详情
cassandra> describe keyspace Keyspace1
Keyspace1.Super1
Column Family Type: Super
Columns Sorted By: org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.BytesType@d67067

Column Family Type: Super
Column Sorted By: org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.BytesType
flush period: null minutes
------
Keyspace1.Standard2
Column Family Type: Standard
Columns Sorted By: org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.UTF8Type@6db724

Column Family Type: Standard
Column Sorted By: org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.UTF8Type
flush period: null minutes
------
Keyspace1.Super2
Column Family Type: Super
Columns Sorted By: org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.UTF8Type@112da40

Column Family Type: Super
Column Sorted By: org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.UTF8Type
flush period: null minutes
------
Keyspace1.Standard1
Column Family Type: Standard
Columns Sorted By: org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.BytesType@b6d6ab

Column Family Type: Standard
Column Sorted By: org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.BytesType
flush period: null minutes
------
Keyspace1.StandardByUUID1
Column Family Type: Standard
Columns Sorted By: org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.TimeUUIDType@1c7865b

Column Family Type: Standard
Column Sorted By: org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.TimeUUIDType
flush period: null minutes
------

#创建记录，在Keyspace1下的Standard2下创建1条key为1的记录，包含3列：title、url和content
cassandra> set Keyspace1.Standard2['1']['tiele'] = 'Test Title'
Value inserted.
cassandra> set Keyspace1.Standard2['1']['url'] = 'http://iamurl.com'
Value inserted.
cassandra> set Keyspace1.Standard2['1']['content'] = 'I am content'
Value inserted.

#读取记录
cassandra> get Keyspace1.Standard2['1']
=> (column=url, value=http://iamurl.com, timestamp=1301643434657000)
=> (column=tiele, value=Test Title, timestamp=1301643410873000)
=> (column=content, value=I am content, timestamp=1301643462022000)
Returned 3 results.

4、使用C++接口（LibCassandra）
目前，C++接口的稳定版只有0.6.x的，0.7的分支还在测试中。
首先编译：

#下载
wget http://cloud.github.com/downloads/posulliv/libcassandra/libcassandra-0.6.5.tar.gz
tar -xzvf libcassandra-0.6.5.tar.gz
cd libcassandra
#编译
./config/autorun.sh
./configure
make
sudo make install

安装好后，我们写个例子，在examples/目录下有例子。

需要特别说明的是，编译参数相当费劲，这个库是用c++最新标准gnu++0x写的（GNU的c++0x标准），但是所有地方都没有说明！自己琢磨出来的编译参数，我的版本是g++ 4.4，如果你得不是，可能要适当调整，主要是试试其他的-std=?这个标准，自己man吧。
这也就是我讨厌c/c++的原因，特别是开源软件，移植性非常差。

#正确的编译参数
g++ -I/usr/local/include/thrift -std=gnu++0x -lcassandra -lthrift xx.cc

/*
 * main.cpp
 *
 *  Created on: 2011-4-5
 *      Author: liheyuan
 */

#include <libcassandra/cassandra.h>
#include <libcassandra/cassandra_factory.h>
#include <libcassandra/keyspace.h>

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <stdint.h>
using namespace libcassandra;
using namespace std;
using namespace std;

#define HOST "127.0.0.1"
#define PORT 9160

int main()
{
	CassandraFactory factory(HOST, PORT);
	tr1::shared_ptr<Cassandra> client(factory.create());

	//Get cluster info
	cout << "Cluster name: " << client->getClusterName() << endl;

	//Show All keyspace
	set<string> kss = client->getKeyspaces();
	for (set<string>::iterator itr = kss.begin(); itr != kss.end(); itr++)
	{
		cout << "Keyspace: " << *itr << endl;
	}

	try
	{
		//Insert/Get with keyspace
		tr1::shared_ptr<Keyspace> ks(client->getKeyspace("Keyspace1"));
		//insert
		ks->insertColumn("1104", "Standard2", "title", "I'm title");
		//get
		cout << "retrieved values:" << ks->getColumnValue("1104", "Standard2",
				"title") << endl;
	} catch (org::apache::cassandra::InvalidRequestException &ire)
	{
		cout << ire.why << endl;
		return -1;
	}

	return 0;
}

5、关于Keyspace和ColumnFamily
这个也是在storage-conf.xml中定义的，默认如下：

<Keyspaces>
	<Keyspace Name="Keyspace1">
		<ColumnFamily Name="Standard1" CompareWith="BytesType"
                    KeysCached="1000"
                    RowsCached="100"
                    RowCacheSavePeriodInSeconds="0"
                    KeyCacheSavePeriodInSeconds="3600"/>
      		<ColumnFamily Name="Standard2"
                    CompareWith="UTF8Type"
                    KeysCached="100%"/>
		<ColumnFamily Name="StandardByUUID1" CompareWith="TimeUUIDType" />
		<ColumnFamily Name="Super1"
			    ColumnType="Super"
			    CompareWith="BytesType"
			    CompareSubcolumnsWith="BytesType" />
		<ColumnFamily Name="Super2"
			    ColumnType="Super"
			    CompareWith="UTF8Type"
			    CompareSubcolumnsWith="UTF8Type"
			    RowsCached="10000"
			    KeysCached="50%"
			    Comment="A column family with supercolumns, whose column and subcolumn names are UTF8 strings"/>
		<ReplicaPlacementStrategy>org.apache.cassandra.locator.RackUnawareStrategy</ReplicaPlacementStrategy>
		<ReplicationFactor>1</ReplicationFactor>
		<EndPointSnitch>org.apache.cassandra.locator.EndPointSnitch</EndPointSnitch>
	</Keyspace>
</Keyspaces>

如果初步测试的话，用Keyspace1、Standard2即可。